What is Duku Fruit? - Duku is a type of fruit from members of the Meliaceae tribe. The plants originating from western Southeast Asia have similarities with langsat fruit, kokosan, pisitan, celoring and others with various variations. These diverse names also show the existence of various cultivars which are reflected in the different forms of fruit and trees.
The main producing countries of duku are Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia. But generally my money is consumed in each country, except for a few that are exported to Singapore and Hong Kong. Duku hasn't penetrated the fruit market in Europe and America.
Distribution and local names
The area of origin of duku stretches from around Siam, the Malay Land Peninsula to Borneo in the east, including the Philippines. In these areas, duku is planted as one of the important fruits. Even wild varieties or those that travel far can be found in nature. Now duku is also cultivated, though not large, in Vietnam, Burma, Sri Lanka, India, Australia, Hawaii, Suriname and Puerto Rico.
Duku is known by many names, such as langsat, langseh, langsep, lansa (Mal.); lansones, lanzone, lanzon, and fruits, (Fil.); langsad, longkong (Thailand); bill and bn bill (Vietnam); langsak, duku (Burma); and Gadu Guda (Sri Lanka). In English it is also called langsat and duku.
Botany
Medium-sized trees, with a height of up to 30 m and echoing up to 75 cm. Stems are usually grooved in an irregular manner, with flat buttress (root boards) protruding above the ground. Pepagan (bark) is gray with dark spots and orange, containing sticky, thick-colored sap (resin).
Odd, bare or downy pinnate compound leaves, with 6-9 children leaves arranged alternately, children of elliptical leaves (elliptic) to oval, 9-21 cm × 5-10 cm, glossy on the top side, like hides, with pointed base and the tip is short (tapered), the child leaves 5-12 mm.
Flowers are located in bunches that appear on large stems or branches, hanging, alone or in bundles of 2-5 bunches or more, often branching at the base, 10-30 cm long, hairy. Small flowers, sitting or short-stemmed, lonely, two-person. 5-cup-shaped cup-shaped petals, fleshy, greenish yellow. Round egg crown, erect, fleshy, 2-3 mm × 4-5 mm, white to pale yellow. One file stamens, the tube reaches 2 mm, the sari heads in one circle. The pistils are thick and short.
Buni fruit is in the form of a jorong, round or round elongated, 2-4 (-7) cm × 1.5-5 cm, with yellowish fine feathers and leaves that do not fall off. The skin (wall) is thin to thick (about 6 mm). Berbiji 1-3, flat, green, bitter; the seeds are wrapped in a white translucent seed (arylus) and thick, runny, sweet to sour. Superior cultivars have small or non-developing (rudimentary) seeds, but the arylus grows well and thick, sweet.
Propagation of duku which is done using seeds results in the slow growth of the fruiting plant. New plants flower at the age of 10 to 15 years. This plant germination has polyembryonic behavior (one seed produces many embryos or seedlings): one fertilized embryo, and the remaining apomicik embryo. Apomicik embryos develop from a network of parent trees so that their offspring have similar characteristics to their parents. Recalcitrant seeds, storing more than seven days will cause a rapid decline in sprouting power. Vegetative propagation is done by grafting and topping.
Diversity
Duku varies greatly in the properties of trees and fruit; so there are also experts who separate it into different types (species). On the outline, there are two large groups of these fruits, which are known as duku, and which are called langsat. Then there was a mixed group between the two called duku-langsat, and the last group in Indonesia known as kokosan.
The group known as duku (L. domesticum var. Duku) generally has a tree with a large headline, dense with bright green leaves, with relatively short bunches and containing little fruit. The fruit granules are large, tend to be round, slightly thick-skinned but tend not to gummy when ripe, generally with small seeds and thick flesh, sweet or sour, and smell nice.
Langsat (L. domesticum var. Domesticum) mostly has thinner, less bushy trees that are dark green, with upright branches. The fruit bunches are long, densely packed with 15-25 eggs that are oval and large. Langsat fruit is thin-skinned and always gummy (white) even though it is ripe. The flesh is a lot of juicy, sweet and refreshing sour taste. Unlike duku, langsat is not a fruit that can last long after picking. Within three days after being picked, the skin will turn black even if it does not damage the sweet taste. It's just that it looks unattractive.
Kokosan (L. domesticum var. Aquaeum) is distinguished by its hairy leaves, the sign full of crusty fruit grains that are very tightly packed, and the skin of the fruit is dark yellow. The fruit grains are generally small, thin-skinned and slightly gummy, but hard to peel. So that the fruit is eaten by being bitten and sucked by the liquid and the seeds (hence called cocoa), or massaged so that the skin breaks and the seeds come out (hence the name pisitan, pijetan, bijitan). With relatively large seeds and thin flesh, cocoa generally feels sour until very sour.
The most famous duku cultivar in Indonesia is duku palembang, mainly because of its sweet taste and little seeds. Actually, the main producer of duku is not the city of Palembang, but the Komering area (OKU and OKI regencies) as well as several other adjacent areas in South Sumatra. Another place that also produced it was the Kumpeh area, Muaro Jambi, Jambi. Duku from these regions is marketed to various regions in Sumatra and Java, and even exported.
Beside duku palembang, various regions also produce their own shaman. In Java, some of the locally famous are duku condet (formerly duku menteng and duku depok) from around Jakarta; duku papongan from Tegal; duku kalikajar from Purbalingga; duku karangkajen and duku klaten from Yogyakarta; duku matesih from Karanganyar; duku woro from Rembang; duku source from Kudus, and others. In South Kalimantan, it is known duku Padang Batung from Hulu Sungai Selatan District.
Given the durability of the fruit which is not like duku, langsat is generally known more limitedly and locally. Some popular cultivars, including singosari langsep from Malang, langsat tanjung from South Kalimantan, langsat punggur from West Kalimantan, and so on. From Thailand it is known as Langsat Uttaradit, and from Luzon, Philippines, known as Langsat Paete.
Multiply
Duku is usually propagated by seed, which is intentionally sown or by collecting seedlings which grow spontaneously under the mother tree. But waiting for this new tree to produce, takes a long time (20-25 years) and it is not certain the quality is the same as the parent.
Another popular method is to transplant it. Although this grafting process takes a relatively long time (8-9 months, roots come out after 134 days), but new grafted trees can bear fruit at around two years of age. The disadvantage is that the percentage of grafted dead babies is quite large. After all, the growth is not strong.
What is Duku Fruit? - Modern propagation which is now mostly done is by grafting. This technique allows the trunk's genetic traits to produce the same as the parent, while the waiting time is shortened to 5-6 years. The shoots from the shoot are also stronger than the grafted tillers.
Benefits of Duku Fruit for Body and Nutrition
What is Duku Fruit? - Here are some health benefits of duku fruit that you should know:
- 1. Source of Antioxidants
Duku fruit contains the benefits of vitamin C which acts as an antioxidant. Antioxidant itself is a nutrient that serves to avoid the body from damage caused by free radicals. This damage is usually caused by a digestive process that converts food into energy in the body. Antioxidants also play a role in preventing the body from damage caused by pollution or toxic substances.
- 2. Prevent Premature Aging
Other uses of duku fruit are that it will prevent premature aging. One of the factors causing premature aging is due to free radicals. As mentioned above, vitamin C in this fruit is very effective in protecting the body from free radical attacks.
Vitmain C is also useful for protecting lipid proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates from damage caused by free radicals or pollution or toxins.
- 3. Strengthen Teeth
Duku fruit is effective for reinforcing teeth in light of the phosphorus contained in it. Teeth will end up solid and sound on the off chance that you regularly devour this organic fruit. This can also be optimized by consuming the benefits of strawberries for dental health.
- 4. Maintaining Gum Health
Gum health can be treated by consuming vitamin C. As already mentioned that the fruit of duku has a lot of vitamin C which is efficacious to maintain gum health. Vitamin C content is also widely found in.
- 5. Improve the Immune System
Vitamin C is needed for everyone to maintain their health. The substance of vitamin C in organic product duku solid to keep up invulnerability and strong additionally for individuals who are in recuperation.
- 6. Lose Weight
Duku fruit unexpectedly turned out to be used for weight loss. Duku fruit will help the body to get carnitine. Carnitine will direct fat molecules to a fat burning tissue. This fat molecule must be considered for anyone who is losing weight because if there is a deficiency of fat molecules, the body will feel tired and lack of energy.
So, if reduced carnitine in the body there will be fat accumulation. Duku fruit can also be consumed along with the benefits of apples for those who are undergoing a diet program.
- 7. Launch the Digestive System
Duku fruit contains very high fiber so it is beneficial for digestion. This is like what is also found in the benefits of papaya fruit. In addition, this fruit is also efficacious to prevent cancer in the digestive tract. The content of calories, minerals and iron in duku fruit is also more when compared to sweet apples or oranges.
- 8. Maintain Skin Health
Skin health can be maintained by often consuming foods that contain the benefits of vitamin E. Duku fruit also contains vitamin E so it is effective for maintaining healthy skin such as:
- Prevents premature aging
- Smooth and soften the skin
- Maintain skin moisture
- Keep the skin from UV rays
- Helps wound healing
- 9. Control Cholesterol Levels
Cholesterol metabolism in the body will become bile acids. For people with cholesterol, this can be helped by often consuming duku fruit.
- 10. Overcoming Diarrhea and Fever
Duku fruit can effectively treat diarrhea and is also useful for reducing heat or high fever. Caran makes it also quite easy:
- Take duku fruit seeds
- Mash the seeds until smooth
- Mix with water
- Drink once a day
- 11. Repel Mosquitoes
In addition to the fruit that is rich in benefits, it turns out that the fruit skin of Duku also has benefits as a repellent for mosquitoes or insects such as the benefits of bay leaves. The trick is easy, that is by burning the fruit skin when it will be used as a repellent for mosquitoes or insects.
- 12. Treatment of Skin Health Problems
Duku fruit is not only beneficial for health, but also useful for the skin such as dealing with acne, smoothing the skin, to treat itching due to insect bites. The trick is simply rubbing the fruit skins on the face with acne or itchy skin.
That's the benefit of fruit for my health. What is Duku Fruit? - So it's no longer an excuse not to consume this one.
Nutrient content in fruit Duku
Duku fruit is a plant that produces fruit every year and includes fruit that can flourish in places that have high rainfall. Duku is a plant from western Southeast Asia as a member of the Meliaceae fruit type. This fruit has almost the same shape as langsat fruit, pisitan, and others.
The calorie content found in this fruit turned out to have higher levels compared to sweet oranges and apples. Duku fruit additionally contains vitamin C and vitamin E which are hostile to oxidants. Natural product additionally contains lanzones, so it can give assurance against the stomach related framework.
The benefits of duku fruit are very diverse, derived from nutrition. Within 100 grams of fruit, there are:
| In 100 grams of Duku Fruit |
|
|---|---|
| Calories | 7 kcal |
| Iron | 0.9 mg |
| Protein | 1.0 gr |
| carbohydrates | 13 gr |
| Fat | 0.2 gr |
| Mineral | 0.7 gr |
As for the benefits of other fruits among:
source :
- Wikipedia
- Classification and Morphology of Dragon Fruit Plants
- Benefits of Dragon Fruit for Health and Beauty
- Classification and morphology of Watermelon Plants
- Cempedak | Benefits For Better Life
source :
- Wikipedia
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